Intake Of Omega-3, Omega-6 Fatty Acids Do Not Reduce Depression Risk In Older Women April 6, 2011: 03:10 AM EST U.S. researchers who analyzed data from a health study involving 54,632 women ages 50–77 years old found that intake of omega-3 and omega-6 fatty acids did not reduce the risk of clinical depression. The researchers documented 2,823 cases of depression over ten years (1996-2006) among the study group. Study findings did support the hypothesis that higher intakes of ALA (alpha-linolenic acid), an omega-3 found in plants, and lower intakes of linoleic acid (an omega-6 fatty acid) reduce depression risk, but the researchers said further study was needed. Michel Lucas, et al. , "Dietary intake of omega−3 and omega−6 fatty acids and the risk of clinical depression in women: a 10-y prospective follow-up study", The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, April 06, 2011, © American Society for Nutrition

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MSG Consumption Associated With Weight Gain April 6, 2011: 04:30 AM EST Researchers in China, Canada and the U.S. who studied the impact of monosodium glutamate (MSG) on metabolism found a positive association, regardless of calorie intake, between the flavor enhancer widely used in Asian cuisine and weight gain. The study analyzed health data collected on more than 10,000 healthy Chinese adults from 1991 to 2006. They found that a daily intake of .6 g to 3.8 g was positively associated with being overweight, defined as a body mass index (BMI) of 25 or higher. The researchers urged further studies be undertaken to determine how MSG acts in the body, but they guessed that the compound influences energy balance through the disruption of the hypothalamic signaling cascade of leptin action. K. He, et al. , "Consumption of monosodium glutamate in relation to incidence of overweight in Chinese adults: China Health and Nutrition Survey (CHNS)", American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, April 06, 2011, © American Society for Nutrition

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Dark Chocolate Reduces Oxidative Stress Associated With Vigorous Workouts April 5, 2011: 04:54 AM EST A multinational team of researchers who examined the effects of eating dark chocolate before  prolonged exercise found that it improves insulin levels, glucose, and antioxidant status, while warding off oxidative stress that can damage muscles. Eating the chocolate boosted insulin levels before the trial and after cycling, an indication of  “better maintenance of plasma glucose concentration.” However, immune response, which has been shown to drop after vigorous exercise, was not affected. For the study, 14 healthy men ate either 100 grams of polyphenol-rich dark chocolate (70 percent cocoa), an energy bar with equivalent macronutrients or neither before bicycling for 2.5 hours. G. Davison, et al., "The effect of acute pre-exercise dark chocolate consumption on plasma antioxidant status, oxidative stress and immunoendocrine responses to prolonged exercise", European Journal of Nutrition, April 05, 2011, © Springer

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Magnesium Intake Among Young Korean Women Is Inadequate For Healthy Bones – Study April 5, 2011: 10:23 AM EST A study by Korean researchers who assessed magnesium intake in young women has found that consumption levels of the mineral were inadequate to support bone health. For the study, the dietary habits of 484 healthy women in their early twenties were monitored and analyzed. The average intake of magnesium was about 186 mg/day – mainly from cereals, vegetables, milk, legumes and fish – only 63 percent of the recommended daily intake. The researchers concluded that “the magnesium intake status of young Korean women …is unsatisfactory.” Raising dietary intake levels of magnesium “may positively impact bone quality in this population,” they wrote. Kim, M. H., et al. , "Evaluation of magnesium intake and its relation with bone quality in healthy young Korean women", Biological Trace Element Research, April 05, 2011, © Springer

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Study Finds That Candy Is Dandy For Your Health April 1, 2011: 10:44 AM EST A study by U.S. researchers who analyzed the impact of candy, chocolate and sugar  consumption on weight and other health measures found no link between candy intake and increased weight or body mass index. The data, drawn from a five-year national health survey among 15,000 adults, showed that candy did contribute modestly to caloric intake on days when it was consumed, but that consumers balanced longer-term caloric intake. The study also found that candy consumers were: 14 percent less likely to have higher diastolic blood pressure and lower C-reactive protein, a biomarker of inflammation and cardiovascular disease; had better values of "good" cholesterol; and were 15 percent less likely to have metabolic syndrome, a precursor of obesity, heart disease, diabetes and stroke. Carol E. O'Neil, et al. , "Candy consumption was not associated with body weight measures, risk factors for cardiovascular disease, or metabolic syndrome in US adults: NHANES 1999-2004", Nutrition Research, April 01, 2011, © Elsevier Inc.

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Food Companies Can Expect A Spate Of Class Action Suits Over Health Claims April 1, 2011: 07:45 PM EST High-profile food companies that make strong, but possibly questionable, health claims for their products should brace themselves for a deluge of class action lawsuits from consumer lobby groups. Legal experts told NutraIngredients that companies should expect an “explosion” of suits similar to the one targeting General Mills over its claims of digestive health for Yo-Plus yogurts. The suit was recently allowed to proceed by the Eleventh Circuit Court of Appeals despite the company’s efforts to torpedo it. Part of the litigation problem may be aggressive lawyers looking for settlement opportunities with big companies. Dannon and Wrigley, for example, both settled class action challenges related to health claims for products. But perhaps the real root cause is overeager food company marketing departments with a penchant for health claim hyperbole. Elaine Watson, "Class action lawsuits set to ‘explode’ in health claims arena", NutraIngredients USA, April 01, 2011, © William Reed Business Media

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Folic Acid Supplements Do Not Reduce Cancer Risk In Patients With Adenoma History April 1, 2011: 11:14 AM EST British and American researchers who examined data from three large trials found that folic acid supplements neither prevented or increased the occurrence of  benign, pre-cancerous colon tumors known as adenomas. However, the researchers did observe a “potential beneficial effect” of the supplements on overall mortality of the participants. The meta-analysis, undertaken because of observations that low folate status was associated with a higher risk of colorectal cancer, looked at data from 2,632 men and women with a history of adenomas who had taken either  0.5 or 1.0 mg of folic acid a day or a placebo. The researchers concluded that “after up to 3.5 years of folic acid use, there is no clear decrease or increase in the occurrence of new adenomas …” J.C. Figueiredo, et al. , "Folic acid and prevention of colorectal adenomas: A combined analysis of randomized clinical trials", International Journal of Cancer, April 01, 2011, © UICC

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Evidence Supports Role Of Almonds In Heart-Healthy Diet April 1, 2011: 07:47 AM EST U.S. researchers who analyzed the results of scientific studies on the cardioprotective effects of almonds have found evidence that the unsaturated fatty acids and dietary fiber contained in the nuts help maintain healthy cholesterol levels. In addition, almonds contain nutrients that play a mechanistic role in promoting heart health. Other heart-healthy ingredients in almonds include vitamin E, protein, magnesium, manganese, copper and calcium. “The message that almonds, in and of themselves, are a heart-healthy snack should be emphasized to consumers,” the researchers said. Between 91and 94 percent of the fatty acids in almonds are unsaturated, which may account for their ability to help maintain healthy cholesterol levels. Claire E. Berryman, et al. , "Effects of almond consumption on the reduction of LDL-cholesterol: a discussion of potential mechanisms and future research directions", Nutrition Reviews, April 01, 2011, © International Life Sciences Institute

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Caffeinated Coffee After High-Fat And High-Carb Meals Spells Trouble April 1, 2011: 11:00 AM EST Researchers at Canada’s University of Guelph have found that insulin has less of an effect on blood sugar levels after a high-fat meal followed by a high-carb meal and the problem is compounded when caffeinated coffee is added to the mix. According to the researchers, saturated fat interferes with insulin’s ability to clear sugars from the blood and distribute it to muscles. But when combined with caffeinated coffee, the negative impact doubles. Participants in the study consumed a beverage high in fat followed six hours later by a sugar drink. Blood sugar levels were 32 per cent higher after the fat and sugar beverages, but were 65 percent higher after intake of the fat, sugar and caffeinated coffee. “The results of the study are particularly important for people at risk for metabolic diseases and Type 2 diabetes,”  researchers said. M.-S. Beaudoin, et al. , "An Oral Lipid Challenge and Acute Intake of Caffeinated Coffee Additively Decrease Glucose Tolerance in Healthy Men", Journal of Nutrition, April 01, 2011, © American Society for Nutrition

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Herbal Blend Boosts Nitric Oxide Availability In At-Risk Cardiovascular Patients April 1, 2011: 11:38 AM EST Scientists in the U.S. who tested a proprietary herbal blend in a clinical trial with 30 older adults with cardiovascular risk factors found that it improves nitric oxide metabolism and enhances the effectiveness of an enzyme associated with a healthier cardiovascular system. The special blend of beetroot and hawthorn berry, developed at the University of Texas and licensed by Neogenis Laboratories, is called Neo40. It works by improving the bioavailability of nitric oxide, an effective vasodilator that reduces blood pressure and eases strain on the heart. According to the researchers, the herbal blend “shows promise in restoring nitric oxide homeostasis in human subjects at risk for cardiovascular disease for use as a dietary supplement.” J. Zand, et al. , "All-natural nitrite and nitrate containing dietary supplement promotes nitric oxide production and reduces triglycerides in humans", Nutrition Research, April 01, 2011, © Elsevier Inc.

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Palm Oil-Derived Tocotrienol Supplementation Reduces Cholesterol Levels March 31, 2011: 11:08 AM EST Supplementation with forms of vitamin E known as tocotrienols was found to reduce levels of LDL or “bad” cholesterol, scientists in Malaysia report. For the study, 32 healthy people with high blood cholesterol levels were randomly assigned to groups that were given daily doses of either a soybean oil placebo or a product derived from palm oil known as Tocomin SupraBio, which provided 300 mg of mixed tocotrienols. After four months, total cholesterol levels dropped nine percent; after six months levels dropped by 11 percent. LDL cholesterol decreased by 13 percent after four months, and by 17.5 percent after six months. K.H. Yuen, et al., "Effect of Mixed-Tocotrienols in Hypercholesterolemic Subjects", Functional Foods in Health and Disease , March 31, 2011, © Functional Foods in Health and Disease

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Anti-inflammatory Dietary Supplement Promotes Cardiovascular Health, Study Finds March 30, 2011: 08:38 PM EST Two studies conducted by researchers from TNO Quality of Life (The Netherlands), one in transgenic mice and the other in overweight men, have found that intake of an anti-inflammatory dietary mix noticeably reduced signs of inflammation and atherosclerosis and the risk of cardiovascular disease. The mixture contained vitamins E and C, resveratrol, catechins from green tea extract, omega-3 fatty acids from fish oil and lycopene from tomato extract C. In the placebo-controlled human study, 36 overweight men consumed the anti-inflammatory supplement over five weeks. Researchers found that the volunteers had less inflammation and a better metabolism at the end of the study. "Right diet substantially lowers cardiovascular risk", Press Release, TNO, March 30, 2011, © TNO

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Coca-Cola Refuses To Budge On The BPA Issue March 29, 2011: 09:40 PM EST Arguing that the use of bisphenol A (BPA) is not only safe but is the only commercially viable way to line beverage cans, the Coca-Cola Company is refusing to give in to demands from shareholders for information about whether it plans to phase out the use of the controversial chemical. More than 25 percent of shareholders at the company’s annual meeting voted for disclosure of the company’s plans, if any, for addressing consumer concerns over BPA use in its beverage cans, and called for phasing out its use. BPA has been linked to neurological defects, diabetes, cancer and heart disease. Susanne Rust, "Coca-Cola shareholders demand resolution on chemical", California Watch, March 29, 2011, © California Watch

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FDA To Study Possible Connection Between Hyperactivity In Children and Artificial Food Colorings March 29, 2011: 07:53 PM EST The FDA plans to investigate the possible link between hyperactivity in children and artificial dyes used in ordinary food products such as candy, salad dressing, and waffles. A panel will reconsider the agency's existing view that the dyes pose no health risk to children, a position that some scientists and consumer advocates do not agree with. However, nobody expects the agency to ban artificial coloring. Several food companies, such as Mars Inc. and Kraft Foods Inc., have expressed their confidence in the safety of dyes despite the controversy, which began with a California pediatrician's call in the 1970s for elimination of dyes and preservatives in diets of children with behavior issues and was revived by a 2007 study in the U.K. linking hyperactivity in children to artificial colorings. STEPHANIE GLEASON, "Artificial Food Dyes Scrutinized by FDA", Wall Street Journal, March 29, 2011, © Dow Jones & Company, Inc

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Osteoporosis Foundation Develops Interactive Global Vitamin D Deficiency Maps March 29, 2011: 09:40 AM EST Fractures resulting from osteoporosis caused by vitamin D deficiency cost the European economy €25 billion annually, the International Osteoporosis Foundation says. But osteoporosis remains low on the list of health care priorities in many countries, though it is a major public health concern. To spotlight the problem, the IOF and DSM Nutritional Products (DSM) have developed interactive vitamin D deficiency maps to be used as a tool to educate the public and inform policymakers and health care professionals. A prototype of the European map highlights the differences in vitamin D levels across Europe and pinpoints missing data in each region for specific population groups. “The scientific evidence on the low vitamin D status in Europe clearly calls for action,” the IOF says. DSM/Osteoporosis Foundation (IOF), "Vitamin D deficiency", International Osteoporosis Foundation (IOF), March 29, 2011, © International Osteoporosis Foundation (IOF)

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Study Finds That Low Salt Intake Makes Rats More Anxious March 29, 2011: 04:50 AM EST A study that aimed to better understand the determinants of human salt intake found that low dietary sodium intake made rats more anxious. Researchers at the University of Haifa, Israel, focused on the effects of low dietary sodium on acute unpredictable stress factors, on chronic mild stress (CMS), and in depression and anxiety behavior. Results showed that while reduced sodium intake intensifies anxiety in the "elevated maze and open field," it does not make worse modeled depression in rats that have chronic and acute stress. M. Leshem , "Low dietary sodium is anxiogenic in rats", Physiology & Behavior, March 29, 2011, © Elsevier Inc.

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Expectant Mothers Who Eat A High-Fat Diet Predetermine Diabetes In Their Children March 28, 2011: 09:37 AM EST Pregnant women who consume a high-fat diet may be setting their children up for the onset of diabetes, according to a study in rats by University of Illinois researchers. Researchers fed obesity-resistant rats either a high-fat diet or a control diet from the start of gestation. The high-fat diet closely mimicked a typical Western diet containing 45 percent fat. When the offspring were born, the blood sugar levels of the high-fat group’s newborns were double those of the newborns in the control group. Diet alone produced the results because the mother rats were not obese at the beginning of the experiment and all had normal blood sugar levels. The high-fat diet offspring also had epigenetic modifications to genes that regulate glucose metabolism. R. S. Strakovsky, et al., "Gestational High Fat Diet Programs Hepatic Phosphoenolpyruvate Carboxykinase (Pck) Expression and Histone Modification in Neonatal Offspring Rats", The Journal of Physiology, March 28, 2011, © The Physiological Society

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High Levels Of Dietary Vitamin K Linked To Improved Bone Density In Elderly Men And Women March 27, 2011: 09:20 AM EST A study by Spanish researchers has found that a diet rich in vitamin K found in leafy vegetables such as lettuce, broccoli and spinach, and also from dairy and meat, is associated with increased bone mineral density (BMD) in both elderly men and women. The study included 200 elderly people “with healthy dietary habits” whose bone density was measured using quantitative ultrasound assessment (QUS). The researchers found that for every 100 microgram increase in vitamin K intake there was a 0.008 g/m2 increase in BMD. “High dietary vitamin K intake was associated with superior bone properties,” the researchers concluded. M. Bulló, et al., "Dietary vitamin K intake is associated with bone quantitative ultrasound measurements but not with bone peripheral biochemical markers in elderly men and women", Bone, March 27, 2011, © Elsevier BV

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Increased Consumption Of Added Sugars Coincides With Weight Gain – Study March 25, 2011: 12:00 AM EST U.S. researchers who analyzed 27 years of survey data on added sugar intake and patterns of body weight among adults in Minnesota found a significant correlation between the two that could be linked to increased risk of cardiovascular disorders. The researchers defined added sugars as sugars and syrups added to foods during processing, preparation or at the table. They examined trends for body mass index and dietary intake of foods and beverages with added sugars by gender and by age group, finding that added sugar intake increased along with BMI levels in men and women in all age groups. The researchers acknowledged that it is not yet clear “whether the relationship between BMI and added sugar intake is due to additional calories or the added sugars, per se." Lyn M. Steffen, Ph.D., et al., "Not So Sweet: Increased Added Sugars Intake Parallels Trends in Weight Gain", Presentation, American Heart Association Scientific Sessions, March 25, 2011, © American Heart Association

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Researchers Find No Link Between Mercury Consumption And Risk Of Heart Disease March 24, 2011: 11:49 AM EST A U.S. study of two large cohorts of men and women in the United States found no link  between mercury exposure from fish consumption and increased cardiovascular disease risk. Researchers set out to determine the validity of speculation that exposure to methylmercury from fish increases the risk of cardiovascular disease. Earlier clinical studies were small and results were inconsistent. For their research, scientists looked at cases of coronary heart disease and stroke and analyzed toenail clippings provided by participants for mercury and selenium concentrations using neutron-activation analysis. “We found no evidence of any clinically relevant adverse effects of mercury exposure on coronary heart disease, stroke, or total cardiovascular disease,” researchers concluded. Dariush Mozaffarian, et al. , "Mercury Exposure and Risk of Cardiovascular Disease in Two U.S. Cohorts", New England Journal of Medicine, March 24, 2011, © Massachusetts Medical Society

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High Levels Of Omega-3 Intake Seem To Protect Obese Eskimos From Heart Disease Risk March 24, 2011: 12:00 AM EST U.S. researchers who studied the dietary patterns and health profiles of Yup’ik Eskimos in Alaska have found a beneficial correlation between their consumption of fatty fish and low rates of obesity-related chronic diseases, including diabetes and heart disease, despite similar rates of obesity and overweight. Yup’ik Eskimos consume 20 times more omega-3 fats from fish than other Americans, researchers said. Seventy percent of the 330 people studied were overweight or obese. Those who had lower levels of omega-3 fatty acids (DHA and EPA) in their blood had higher concentrations of triglycerides and other markers of heart disease risk. But obese persons with high blood levels of omega-3 fats had normal triglyceride levels, suggesting that intake of omega-3-rich seafood protects Yup’ik Eskios from some of the harmful effects of obesity. Z. Makhoul, et al., "Associations of obesity with triglycerides and C-reactive protein are attenuated in adults with high red blood cell eicosapentaenoic and docosahexaenoic acids", European Journal of Clinical Nutrition, March 24, 2011, © Nature Publishing Group

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Pterostilbene Found To Be More Effective At Preventing Colon Cancer Than Resveratrol March 23, 2011: 12:50 PM EST A Taiwan study in mice comparing the health benefits of reveratrol, a compound found in red grapes and red wine, and pterostilbene found pterostilbene to be more potent in protecting against colon cancer. Pterostilbene, extracted from the heartwood of the Indian kino tree, has been shown in earlier studies to have anti-diabetes effects as well. The polyphenol resveratrol has been known for some time to have anti-cancer and anti-inflammatory effects. “These findings strongly suggest the chemopreventive potential of dietary administration of pterostilbene against colonic tumorigenesis,” the researchers concluded. Y-S. Chiou, et al. , "Pterostilbene Is More Potent than Resveratrol in Preventing Azoxymethane (AOM)-Induced Colon Tumorigenesis via Activation of the NF-E2-Related Factor 2 (Nrf2)-Mediated Antioxidant Signaling Pathway", Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, March 23, 2011, © American Chemical Society

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Children Do Not Lose Weight On Low-Fat Dairy Diet March 23, 2011: 05:16 AM EST An Australian study of children who consumed either regular or low-fat dairy products found that intake of saturated fats dropped in those who ate low-fat products, but their weight levels remained the same as those who consumed regular dairy. The 24-week randomized trial involved 145 children ages 4 to 13 years old divided into two groups. One group ate their normal diet, while the other ate reduced-fat dairy. Researchers measured the children’s intake of saturated fats, energy and nutrients, blood fat levels, body mass index and waist circumference at intervals over the six months. They found no significant differences in energy intake or fat measurements between the two groups. Gilly A Hendrie and Rebecca K Golley, "Changing from regular-fat to low-fat dairy foods reduces saturated fat intake but not energy intake in 4–13-y-old children", American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, March 23, 2011, © American Society for Nutrition

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Starting A High-Fiber Diet Early In Life Lowers Risk Of Cardiovascular Disease March 23, 2011: 12:00 AM EST A high-fiber diet begun early in life was found to significantly lower the lifetime risk of cardiovascular disease in a U.S. study of adults between 20 and 59 years old. A high-fiber diet was particularly beneficial among younger people. A high-fiber diet is defined as a daily intake of 25 grams or more, but the researchers recommended that this daily fiber intake should be from whole foods, not processed fiber bars, supplements or drinks. For the study, researchers analyzed data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, a nationally representative sample of about 11,000 adults. "The study suggests that starting a high-fiber diet now may help improve your long-term risk," one of the researchers said. Donald M. Lloyd-Jones, M.D., et al., "Load Up on Fiber Now, Avoid Heart Disease Later", Presentation, American Heart Association scientific sessions, March 23, 2011, © Northwestern University

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Danisco Probiotic Strains Help Relieve Intestinal Bloating In Clinical Study March 22, 2011: 03:21 AM EST Researchers at the University of North Carolina and food ingredients supplier Danisco have found that two probiotic strains consumed as daily supplements significantly eased the bloating experienced by people with gastrointestinal disorders. The two strains, which are produced by Danisco, are Lactobacillus acidophilus NCFM and Bifidobacterium lactis Bi-07. In combination they cut bloating by 27 percent after eight weeks. Sixty study participants with bowel disorders (but not constipation) were divided into two groups. One received the two probiotic strains, the other a placebo. The participants completed questionnaires rating their bloating on a 17-point scale after four and eight weeks. At eight weeks, the probiotics group rated their bloating at 4.26 on average, while the placebo group rated their symptoms at 5.84. Ringel, Yehuda MD, et al. , "Probiotic Bacteria Lactobacillus acidophilus NCFM and Bifidobacterium lactis Bi-07 Versus Placebo for the Symptoms of Bloating in Patients With Functional Bowel Disorders-a Double-blind Study", Journal of Clinical Gastroenterology, March 22, 2011, © Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, Inc.

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Treatment With Allergy Drug Builds Tolerance For Milk Among Allergic Children March 21, 2011: 07:57 PM EST U.S. scientists have found in a clinical study involving 11 milk-allergic children that treatment with the allergy drug omalizumab along with gradually increased exposure to milk built up a tolerance. Nine of the 11 children passed a double-blind food challenge and were eventually able to consume the equivalent of eight ounces of milk or more a day without an allergic reaction. According to the scientists, omalizumab (marketed by Genentech as Xolair) binds up IgE antibodies that drive allergic responses. Milk allergy is the most common form of allergy affecting the three million U.S. children who suffer from food allergies. The researchers said their next project will be a similar clinical trial among people with peanut allergy. Renee Reijo Pera, "New treatment may desensitize kids with milk allergies, say researchers at Stanford and Children's Hospital Boston", Presentation, AAAAI annual meeting, March 21, 2011, © Stanford School of Medicine

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The Global Regulatory Environment For Functional Food Products Is Complex, Ever Changing March 21, 2011: 10:26 PM EST Food companies commercializing new products that make health claims need to be sure they are paying close attention to the complex global regulatory environment in which they operate, according to Sandra Reis, a specialist in food product regulation. Regulations vary from jurisdiction to jurisdiction and are constantly changing as regulators react to new functional foods and natural health products that make health claims. As regulations evolve, companies need to be sure not only that their current product claims comply, but that the claims of new products are scientifically substantiated and will satisfy regulatory requirements. Reis reviews the current regulatory environment in the U.S., Canada, and Europe for claims such as reduction of disease risk, therapeutic benefits, and functional and general health benefits. Sandra Reis, "Foods with Health Claims", Nutraceutical World, March 21, 2011, © Rodman Publishing

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Junk Food Diet During Pregnancy Increases Risk That Babies Will Be Junk Food Junkies March 22, 2011: 11:40 AM EST The babies of pregnant mothers whose diet is high in sugar and fat have an increased risk of becoming addicted to junk food, according to new Australian research. The study conducted in rats found that a junk food diet alters the fetal brain's reward pathway and, in turn, food preferences. Researchers studied two groups of rats that were either fed a standard diet or a junk food diet during pregnancy and lactation. Rats whose mothers ate the junk food diet had higher levels of the receptor for “feel good” opioids and chose to eat more fatty foods compared to those whose mothers ate standard rat chow. The researchers said their findings may explain why some people easily resist fatty and sugary foods, while others seem hopelessly addicted. Z. Y. Ong, B. S. Muhlhausler, "Maternal “junk-food” feeding of rat dams alters food choices and development of the mesolimbic reward pathway in the offspring", The FASEB Journal, March 22, 2011, © American Society of Nephrology

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Vitamin D Has Positive Effect On Sperm Movement – Study March 22, 2011: 09:58 AM EST Danish researchers report that they have established a relationship between serum vitamin D and the movement of human sperm. The study conducted among 300 men found a positive association between the percentage of sperm capable of movement and the levels of serum vitamin D in the body. And when they stimulated the sperm in the lab with vitamin D, the forward movement of the sperm increased significantly. The researchers warned, however, that though their findings showed vitamin D was necessary for male reproduction, the findings were “not sufficient in determining whether vitamin D supplements may improve sperm quality in normal or infertile males.” M. Blomberg Jensen, et al., "Vitamin D is positively associated with sperm motility and increases intracellular calcium in human spermatozoa", Human Reproduction, March 22, 2011, © The Author

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Daily Dose Of Safflower Oil Improves Metabolic Syndrome Symptoms In Obese Women March 21, 2011: 12:00 AM EST A study by U.S. researchers has found that daily intake of about 1-2/3 teaspoons of safflower oil for 16 weeks safely improves good cholesterol, blood sugar, insulin sensitivity and inflammation – symptoms associated with metabolic syndrome – in obese postmenopausal women with Type 2 diabetes. Metabolic syndrome increases the risk for cardiovascular disease and diabetes. Safflower oil, which contains the polyunsaturated fatty acid linoleic acid, has also been shown to reduce abdominal fat and increase muscle tissue in obese women. The researchers found after 16 weeks an increase in insulin sensitivity of about 2.7 percent. Higher insulin sensitivity is important for the transfer of sugar, or glucose, from the blood into the tissues for energy. Michelle L. Asp, et al., "Time-dependent effects of safflower oil to improve glycemia, inflammation and blood lipids in obese, post-menopausal women with type 2 diabetes: A randomized, double-masked, crossover study", Clinical Nutrition, March 21, 2011, © Elsevier B.V.

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Researchers Find Some Indications That Tofu May Help Control Blood Sugar March 18, 2011: 07:59 AM EST Despite some evidence from earlier observational studies, an analysis by Chinese scientists of 24 clinical trials involving 1,518 people has found that generally soy intake did not improve the level of blood sugar (glycemic control) in diabetics. Nine clinical studies, however, evaluated the impact of whole soy foods, such as tofu, compared to soy supplements, and found “a favorable change in fasting glucose concentrations,” according to the researchers. The researchers nevertheless said it would be premature to conclude that eating tofu helps diabetics control their blood sugar levels, and more research is needed. Zhao-min Liu, et al., "Effects of soy intake on glycemic control: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials", The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, March 18, 2011, © American Society for Nutrition

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White Bean Extract Reduces Calorie Intake From High-Carb Foods, Supports Weight Loss March 17, 2011: 07:19 PM EST The alpha-amylase inhibitor called Phase 2, a white bean extract made by Pharmachem, seems to cut the rate of carbohydrate absorption and, in turn, effectively decreases the glycemic index (GI) of starchy and other high-carb foods, according to a review of clinical trial results. “The evidence also indicates that Phase 2 promotes weight loss when taken concurrently with meals containing carbohydrates,” the study’s authors said. Phase 2 works by neutralizing alpha-amylase before it transforms starch into glucose and fat. The carbohydrates then pass through the digestive system without adding calories. Ten clinical trials reported on the effectiveness of Phase 2, and three showed efficacy compared to a placebo. Marilyn L Barrett and Jay K Udani , "A proprietary alpha-amylase inhibitor from white bean (Phaseolus vulgaris): A review of clinical studies on weight loss and glycemic control", Nutrition Journal, March 17, 2011, © BioMed Central Ltd

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Increased Vitamin D Levels May Lower The Risk Of Colorectal Cancer March 15, 2011: 10:50 AM EST A meta-analysis of prior non-clinical studies that focused on vitamin D levels and three types of cancer found that high levels of vitamin D in the blood were associated with a reduced risk of colorectal cancer, but not of breast or prostate cancer. The multinational team of researchers found that the risk of colorectal cancer declined by 15 percent for every 10 nanograms per milliliter increase in levels of vitamin D (25-hydroxyvitamin D). The researchers concluded that randomized clinical trials would be required to determine whether increasing vitamin D levels would change the risk of colorectal cancer and how much of an increase would be “useful as a public health measure.” S. Gandini, et al., "Meta-analysis of observational studies of serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels and colorectal, breast and prostate cancer and colorectal adenoma", International Journal of Cancer, March 15, 2011, © UICC

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Omega-3 Consumption Is Associated With Lower Risk Of Age-Related Macular Degeneration March 14, 2011: 10:40 PM EST Women who regularly consumed fish and omega-3 fatty acids found in fish were found to have a  significantly reduced risk of developing age-related macular degeneration, according to a U.S. study of health data collected from diet questionnaires. The data collected from more than 38,000 women included information on intake of omega-3 fatty acids found in fish, and arachidonic acid and linoleic acid (omega-6 fatty acids). Over ten years of follow up, the researchers found that women who consumed the most DHA had a 38 percent lower risk of developing age-related macular degeneration, compared to women who at the least fish. Results for fish intake showed that consumption of one or more servings of fish per week was associated with a 42 percent lower risk of age-related macular degeneration. William G. Christen, ScD, et al., "Dietary Omega-3 Fatty Acid and Fish Intake and Incident Age-Related Macular Degeneration in Women", Archive of Ophthalmology, March 14, 2011, © American Medical Association

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Meta-Analysis Of 50 Studies Finds Many Health Benefits From Mediterranean Diet March 15, 2011: 12:00 AM EST Researchers from Greece and Italy have confirmed in a meta-analysis of 50 studies involving half a million people that the Mediterranean diet has a beneficial effect not only on metabolic syndrome, but also on waist circumference, HDL-cholesterol levels, triglycerides levels, blood pressure levels and glucose metabolism. The Mediterranean diet is rich in monounsaturated fatty acids from olives and olive oils; fruits, vegetables, whole grain cereals; low-fat dairy products; fish, poultry, tree nuts, and legumes; low consumption of red meat; and moderate consumption of alcohol. “This dietary pattern can be easily adopted by all population groups and various cultures and cost-effectively serve for primary and secondary prevention of metabolic syndrome and its individual components,” the researchers observed. Christina-Maria Kastorini, et al., "The Effect of Mediterranean Diet on Metabolic Syndrome and its Components A Meta-Analysis of 50 Studies and 534,906 Individuals", Journal of the American College of Cardiology, March 15, 2011, © American College of Cardiology Foundation

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Australia Unveils Anti-Obesity Ad Campaign Urging Small But Healthy Lifestyle Changes March 13, 2011: 08:27 PM EST The Australian government has launched a nationwide ad campaign calling on consumers to make easy, small, healthy lifestyle changes to help cut the risk of illness and disease. The “Swap it don’t stop it” campaign targets the obesity epidemic that in Australia alone cost the country $58.2 billion in 2008 – “a huge drain on the economy,” according to Nicola Roxon, Minister for Health and Aging. The TV, radio and print advertising campaign features Eric, a likeable, overweight animated balloon character who urges Australians to make simple lifestyle changes to become healthier: swapping big portions for small, frequent treats for occasional, fried food for fresh, and sitting for moving. The Hon Nicola Roxon MP, Minister for Health and Aging, "'Swap it Don't Stop it'", Press release, Australian Ministry of Health and Aging, March 13, 2011, © Commonwealth of Australia

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New Beetroot/Apple Juice Blend From Heinz Is Targeted At Athletes March 10, 2011: 09:02 PM EST Heinz is targeting sports enthusiasts with a new juice blend rich in dietary nitrate. GO BEET is a combination of beetroot and apple juice that contains no added flavors, colors or preservatives and was formulated to help athletes boost endurance and stamina. According to the company, scientific research has found that that high nitrate levels in beetroot help increase endurance and stamina by allowing muscles to use oxygen more efficiently and to extend the time it takes for muscles to become exhausted. The company recommends drinking one 200 mL bottle of GO BEET each day for three days before intense exercise or a sporting event. One 200 mL bottle should be consumed three hours before exercising. "Heinz launches GO BEET beetroot juice", Australian Food News, March 10, 2011, © Australian Food News

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Omega-3 Supplements Not Effective In Reversing Age-Related Cognitive Declines – Study March 10, 2011: 10:38 AM EST A U.S. study in rats has found that there are fewer benefits to taking omega-3 supplements as one ages. The researchers fed omega-3s to young and old rats for four months, finding no impact on age-related decline in cognitive function among the older rats, but a “small but positive” improvement in heart function, especially diastolic function. The younger rats, however, showed improvements in spatial memory. In the older rats, the fish oil supplements were not associated with any reversal of the age-related memory deficits or increases in inflammation in the brain, the researchers wrote. They said more studies are needed to determine whether omega-3 “supplementation may need to occur prior to the accumulation of inflammatory damage to be effective in the brain and in the heart.” S. Sergeant, et al. , "Dietary Fish Oil Modestly Attenuates the Effect of Age on Diastolic Function but Has No Effect on Memory or Brain Inflammation in Aged Rats", Journal of Gerontology: Biological Science , March 10, 2011, © The Authors

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New Online Community Offers Expert Guidance On Health Benefits Of Organic Food March 10, 2011: 08:40 PM EST Inspired by an online survey finding that two thirds of mothers want to know more about organic food, organic yogurt producer Stonyfield Farm has helped create an online community where moms can connect, share stories, ask questions, and engage with experts about the growing trend of eating organic. The survey also found that 86 percent of mothers would eat more organic food if they could find ways to afford it. Stonyfield joined with BabyCenter.com and Healthy Child Healthy World to launch the Easy Organic Living site on BabyCenter.com, a parenting and pregnancy site that offers information on health, cooking, family budgeting and the health benefits of organic food. "BabyCenter, Healthy Child Healthy World and Stonyfield Team Up to Unveil an Interactive Resource for Moms on Organics", News release, Stonyfield Farm, March 10, 2011, © Stonyfield Farm

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Coffee Consumption Lowers Risk Of Stroke In Women March 10, 2011: 12:53 AM EST Researchers in Sweden who analyzed diet and health data from 34,670 women over ten years found that coffee consumption was associated with a statistically significant lower risk of stroke and various types of brain hemorrhages. Women who drank more than a cup of coffee a day had a 22 percent to 25 percent lower risk of stroke, compared with those who drank less. Those who reported drinking 1-2 cups per day, 3-4 cups per day or 5 or more cups per day on average had similar benefits. The findings belie some earlier, but inconclusive, reports that coffee consumption could be harmful to the cardiovascular system. Researchers suggested that coffee drinking may reduce the risk of stroke by weakening subclinical inflammation, reducing oxidative stress and improving insulin sensitivity. Susanna C. Larsson, et al. , "Coffee Consumption and Risk of Stroke in Women", Stroke, March 10, 2011, © American Heart Association, Inc.

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Indian Food Company To Launch Organic Food Brand March 9, 2011: 11:31 AM EST India’s LT Foods says the Ecolife brand of organic staples it plans to launch through its subsidiary Nature Bio Foods Ltd. will contribute up to Rs 5 crore ($1.1 million) in revenue in 2011. The brand will launched in 10 Indian cities starting in the second quarter of the company’s fiscal 2011-12. According to the company, Ecolife will target affluent, health conscious consumers willing to pay premium prices for organic products. Staples included in the brand initially are rice, flour and pulses, to be followed by cereals, oil seeds, spices, nuts, dry fruits and rice-based and multi-grain organic snacks. The Indian market for organic foods is pegged at about Rs 40 crore ($9 million). Divya Trivedi, "Nature Bio Foods to roll out Branded Organic Staples", The Hindu Business Line, March 09, 2011, © The Hindu Business Line

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Greek Yogurt Sales Soaring Despite Higher Prices March 8, 2011: 07:17 PM EST Despite being more expensive, Greek yogurt is gaining in popularity among health-conscious consumers because it has fewer calories and more protein and calcium than regular yogurt, and no saturated fat. In addition, Greek yogurt is strained, eliminating whey, leaving a healthier balance of yogurt and cheese, a thicker texture and richer flavor. Major brands in the sector include Chobani, Fage, Oikos Organic Greek Yogurt and Dannon. According to Bloomberg Businessweek, sales of Chobani Greek Yogurt increased 200 percent in the past 12 months, a performance that matches the sector overall since October 2010, according to a report by Nielsen. Meanwhile sales of regular yogurt rose only one percent. Sabrina Park, "Greek Yogurt: A new trend", Daily Titan, Voice of California State University, March 08, 2011, © Daily Titan, Voice of California State University

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Americans Are Pretty Much Ignoring USDA Guidelines On Daily Sodium Intake March 8, 2011: 12:01 PM EST Most generations of Americans – from pre-boomers through “millennials” in their twenties – are consuming far more sodium than recommended by the USDA in its recently updated dietary guidelines, according to a report from market research firm The NPD Group. The federal  guidelines recommend 2,300 mg of sodium a day for the average person, and only 1,500 mg a day for people over 50 years old. But NPD Group says daily sodium intake for seniors born before 1946 is 2,912 mg and for older boomers born between 1946 and 1955 intake is 3,199 mg. Sodium intake is even higher among younger boomers (3,280 mg a day) and millennials (3,485 mg a day). The NPD Group says the problem of over-consumption of sodium is not easily solved. "Older Americans Consume Less Sodium than Millennials, But All Generations Consume More Sodium than the New Dietary Guidelines Recommend, Reports NPD", News release, The NPD Group, March 08, 2011, © NPD

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Biothera Ingredient Approved For Use In China March 7, 2011: 10:39 AM EST China’s Ministry of Health has approved Biothera’s Wellmune WGP as a novel food ingredient, allowing its use in foods and beverages throughout the country. Wellmune WGP, derived from the cell walls of a proprietary strain of baker’s yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae), is clinically proven to safely prime the immune system to keep the body healthy, the company says. The ingredient mobilizes billions of innate immune cells that are part of the body’s natural defenses without over stimulating the immune system. An ingredient in food, beverage and supplement products in more than 30 countries, Wellmune WGP has been designated as GRAS (Generally Recognized As Safe) in the U.S. Biothera specializes  in immune-enhancing ingredients derived from a complex carbohydrate called beta 1,3/1,6 gluco polysaccharide. "Biothera’s Wellmune WGP Approved for Food Use in China", News release, Wellmune WGP, March 07, 2011, © Biothera, The Immune Health Company

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HDL (“Good”) Cholesterol Linked To Lower Risk Of Bowel Cancers March 7, 2011: 10:29 AM EST An analysis of dietary data on 500,000 people being studied in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) has found an association between higher levels of HDL (“good”)  cholesterol in the blood and a lower risk of bowel cancers. Also associated with a lower risk was another blood fat known as apolipoprotein A (apoA). According to the researchers, each rise of 16.6 mg/dl in HDL and of 32 mg/dl in apoA reduced the risk of bowel cancer by 22 percent and 18 percent, respectively, after adjusting for diet, lifestyle, and weight. No similar association, however, was found in the case of rectal cancers. Fränzel J B van Duijnhoven, et al. , "Blood lipid and lipoprotein concentrations and colorectal cancer risk in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition ", Gut, March 07, 2011, © BMJ Publishing Group Ltd & British Society of Gastroenterology

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Bioactive Ingredients In Vegetables And Other Foods Can Prevent Cancer March 7, 2011: 12:00 AM EST U.S. researchers present evidence in a review article that certain foods contain bioactive ingredients that regulate molecular targets involved in the onset of cancer. Over time, changes in human gene expressions – known as epigenetic changes – can cause cancer, Alzheimer’s and other diseases. But the good news is the changes are often reversible, and foods rich in bioactive ingredients bring about those reversals. Among the beneficial ingredients in ther "epigenetic diet" are curcumin (turmeric), genistein (soybean), tea polyphenols (green tea), resveratrol (grapes), and sulforaphane (cruciferous vegetables like broccoli and cabbage). According to the researchers, “bioactive components and their epigenetic targets are associated with cancer prevention and therapy which should facilitate novel drug discovery and development.” Syed M. Meeran, Amiya Ahmed and Trygve O. Tollefsbol, "Epigenetic targets of bioactive dietary components for cancer prevention and therapy", Clinical Epigenetics, March 07, 2011, © Springer

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Lingonberry Extract Found To Have Marked Antioxidant Effects March 4, 2011: 10:18 AM EST French researchers, including scientists from Danish food ingredients company Chr. Hansen, have found that red Nordic lingonberry extract may be used as a dietary supplement to improve antioxidant activity. A study in rats found that 23 mg per kilogram of body weight of lingonberry extract prevented a decrease in glutathione levels. Glutathione is a co-factor in the antioxidant enzyme glutathione peroxidase. Relatively small amounts of the extract decrease total oxidation in the body. The extract tested was introduced by Chr. Hansen in 2008. Lingonberries are rich in  phytonutrients such as flavonoids and phenolic acids. Supplements are sold for their heart health, immunity and anti-aging benefits, and also as a treatment for urinary tract infection. C. Mane, et al. , "Food Grade Lingonberry Extract: Polyphenolic Composition and In Vivo Protective Effect against Oxidative Stress", Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, March 04, 2011, © American Chemical Society

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Danisco Responds To Global Demand For Fiber With Increased Production Of Litesse March 3, 2011: 05:25 PM EST Responding to strong global demand for polydextrose fiber, Danisco says it is increasing production of its proprietary fiber Litesse over the next 12 months. Food industry analysts predict annual growth rates for functional fibers to exceed the food industry average, reaching up to 10 percent a year over the next five years. Danisco says its increased investment is an opportunity to boost its presence in the $1 billion market. Litesse is a low calorie, soluble fiber and prebiotic that the company believes can improve the nutritional profiles of foods and beverages through fiber enrichment, sugar reduction or replacement, calorie reduction or fat reduction. "Danisco invests in the future of Litesse® polydextrose", News release, Danisco, March 03, 2011, © Danisco A/S

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Daily Intake Of Polyphenol-Rich Olive Oil May Protect Against Cardiovascular Disease March 3, 2011: 11:17 AM EST A European research team has found evidence that daily intake of olive oil could reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease. According to the researchers, the polyphenols in olive oil increase the levels of oxidized LDL autoantibodies (OLAB), which minimize the harmful effects of so-called “bad cholesterol” and lower the chances of atherosclerosis and heart disease. The study involved 200 men randomly chosen to consume different levels of olive oil each day over three weeks. They found that higher levels of olive oil intake resulted in increased OLAB levels and lower LDL cholesterol. The “direct protective role of OLAB” warrants the use of olive oil, which is rich in phenolic compounds such as oleuropein and cafeic acid, as a dietary fat, the researchers concluded. Castañer O, et al. , "The effect of olive oil polyphenols on antibodies against oxidized LDL. A randomized clinical trial", Clinical Nutrition, March 03, 2011, © Elsevier

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University College Cork's Online Calculator Predicts Food Allergies In Children March 3, 2011: 07:05 AM EST Researchers at the University College Cork, Ireland (UCC) have developed an online calculator that can in seconds predict with 96 percent precision whether a child has any of the three main food allergies: dairy, peanuts and eggs. The mathematical model is based on algorithms specific to the allergen, and the combination of known and suspected predictors delivers better prediction accuracy than the 61-81% typical in current methods. The Cork-Southampton calculator could be marketed this year and help reduce the cost of food-allergy testing. "Predicting food allergies", University of Cork, March 03, 2011, © University of Cork

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